Sugar Glider Quick Medical Reference Guide: A-Z

   
   
 


Sugar Glider Medical Terms D-H

Dehydration:

Occurs when the body does not have enough fluids to function at an optimal level. Any dehydration is a life-threatening situation and the condition is fatal, but reversible if caught in time.

Causes:

• Fluid loss (usually through vomiting or diarrhea)
• Fluid loss due to excessive urination (as in diabetes or kidney disease)
• Strenuous activity
• Appetite loss associated with acute illness
I• nadequate water supply

Prevention:

• Always provide fresh water / Pedialyte / Gatorade mix for your gliders at all times. Do not • ever use tap water. Bottled water only.
• Add an open container of water if in doubt (weighted ash tray works well)
• Always thoroughly wash food and check for safety before giving it to your gliders
• At the first sign of any problems with your glider, seek veterinary care

Research:

• Medline Plus Medical Encyclopedia: Dehydration
• Hendrick Health System Access Med Health Information Library: Dehydration
• "Sugar Gliders: Gotta' Love 'Em", Kevin Schargen, Former President, ISGA, Critters Magazine

Signs and Symptoms:

• Loss of fluid through vomiting or diarrhea
• SEIZURES and/or WOBBLING
• If the skin on the back stands up when you pinch it, your glider is dehydrated
• Delayed capillary refill time (when you press on the gums of your glider with your finger, the spot remains white for an extended period of time)
• Membranes lining mouth and nose lose moisture
• Decreased or absent urine output
• Constipation
• Deep or rapid breathing
• Sunken eyes
• Lethargy

Treatment:

• Immediately print out Day 4 Special Report: “How do I know if my baby is sick?..” Follow instructions.
• Administer water or Pedialyte using eye-dropper or a needle-less syringe
• Seek medical attention immediately! This is an emergency situation. A glider can dehydrate completely and die in a matter of twelve hours

Depression:

Depression is a term that people commonly use to refer to states involving sadness, dejection, lack of self-esteem, and lack of energy. In sugar gliders, depression can lead to mental illness, self-mutilation, and death. Severe, persistent depressed mood and loss of interest or pleasure in normal activities, accompanied by decreased energy, changes in sleep and appetite, and feelings of guilt or hopelessness are all signs of depression and/or mental illness.

Causes:

• Keeping a lone sugar glider without playing with it on a regular basis
• Owner neglect
• Prolonged illness
• Loss of a companion

Prevention:

• Keep more than one sugar glider – or play with them regularly
• Provide your gliders with toys, a large enough cage, and play with them
• Provide your glider with a healthy, well-balanced diet
• Provide your glider with annual or bi-annual check ups at the vet to alleviate, treat, and/or prevent illness

Research:

• Medline Plus: Depression
• "Sugar Gliders: Gotta' Love 'Em", Kevin Schargen, Former President, ISGA, Critters Magazine

Signs and Symptoms:

• Loss of interest in playing
• Decreased activity
• Change in sleeping patterns
• Decreased communications: no barking

Treatment:

• Lots of love, bonding time, and attention
• Provide a glider companion for your glider
• Ensure that the glider has an enriching environment

Diarrhea:

The passage of an increased amount of stool. Mild diarrhea is considered to be the passage of a few loose or mushy stools. Severe diarrhea is the passage of many watery or unformed stools.

Causes:

• Viral or bacterial infection
• Stress of moving to a new home
• Parasites: Typically a Giardia “bloom”
• Malabsorption (lactose intolerance, intolerance to specific foods, milk protein intolerance)
• Bowel disease

Prevention:

• Provide your glider with a healthy, well-balanced diet of Glide-R-Chow™ & Glide-A-Mins™
• Avoid trying new, “fun” foods. Test new treats ONE at a time after you have had them for a minimum of 6 weeks.
• Keep cages well-cleaned
• Remove any uneaten food as soon as possible from the cage
• Carefully monitor stools when offering gliders a new food item. Discontinue if watery stools appear

Research:

Medline Plus: Diarrhea

Signs and Symptoms:

Loose bowel movements

Treatment:

• Immediately print out Day 4 Special Report: “How do I know if my baby is sick?..” Follow instructions. Check to see if the diarrhea is diet-related (citrus fruits, pumpkin, and milk products are common culprits)
• If diarrhea is bad, administer Pedialyte to prevent dehydration
• Seek veterinary attention to rule out such causes as internal parasites or bacterial infection.

Giardiasis (Giardia “bloom”):


A diarrheal illness caused by Giardia intestinalis (also known as Giardia lamblia), a one-celled, microscopic parasite that lives in the intestine of people and animals. The parasite is protected by an outer shell that allows it to survive in the environment for long periods of time. All Sugar Gliders carry Gardia as a natural part of their digestive sytem. It can remain dormant for up to six months, and only manifest systems when the glider becomes stressed. If this happens, diarrhea can set in – and death can occur within hours. There has never been a single documented case of a Glider ever passing Giardia along to humans.

Causes:

• The parasite is passed in the stool of an infected person or animal
• Accidentally swallowing something that has come in contact with the stool of a person or animal infected with Giardia
• All Gliders naturally carry dormant Giardia as a part of their digestive system. It only becomes a problem when it “blooms” in their stomachs under prolonged periods of stress. This makes them feel “full”, and they stop eating/drinking.

Prevention:

• Always thoroughly wash your hands
• Always thoroughly wash and/or peel fruits and vegetables before feeding them to gliders
• Do not use or ingest water that may be fecally contaminated

Research:

• Medline Plus: Giardiasis
• CDC Giardiasis Fact Sheet

Signs and Symptoms:

• Change in behavior
• Lameness
• Diarrhea
• Vomiting
• Yellow tint to belly (Jaundice), indicating liver problems
• Green color to stools
• Dehydration

Treatment:

• Immediately print out Day 4 Special Report: “How do I know if my baby is sick?..” Follow instructions.
• Seek veterinary care if case is severe – or no improvement is noticed.
• Quarantine the animal with symptoms. Giardiasis is HIGHLY contagious to other Gliders.
• Take special care with other animals and yourself. Wash your hands thoroughly after handling the infected glider and keep hands away from your mouth
• Clean other glider cages
• Thoroughly sterilize the cage and everything in it using Squeak-E-Clean™
• Sterilize the cage and items again a week after improvement is noticed.

Hind Leg Paralysis

A common symptom of nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism, hind leg paralysis (HLP) is not a disease in and of itself. Low calcium levels result in calcium being leached from bone to compensate for low calcium in the bloodstream. This condition is fatal if not treated, but, in many cases, reversible.

Causes:

Inadequate calcium absorption due to poor diet (low calcium, high phosphate, low Vitamin D) leads the glider's body to produce increased parathyroid hormone, which removes calcium from the bones

Prevention:

• Feed a well-balanced, nutritious diet of Glide-R-Chow™ and Glide-A-Mins™
• Make sure they are eating their Glide-A-Mins™ every other day as outlined in the Special Reports (link to my baby won’t eat his food or vitamins). If they won’t lick them off the apple, mix them into a flavor of yogurt you already know they like – or applesauce – or peach syrup from canned peaches… Whatever it takes to “trick” them into getting their vitamins.
• Maintain a positive calcium to phosphorous ratio in the overall diet

Research:

• The Pet Place: Nutritional Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
• Bristol BioMed Image Archive: Nutritional Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
• Hind Leg Paralysis in Sugar Gliders: A Personal Experience

Signs and Symptoms:

• Paralysis
• Lethargy
• Limping
• Fractured bones
• Tremors
• Weakness
• Loss of use of hind legs or favoring one leg
• Poor gripping ability

Treatment:

• If caught in time, this disease is reversible
• Immediately print out Day 4 Special Report: “How do I know if my baby is sick?..” Follow instructions. Seek veterinary care immediately if no improvement is noticed.

                                              
                                                                   Sugar Glider Medical Terms Continued...